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The Primeira Liga (; English: First League), also known as Liga NOS for sponsorship reasons, is the top professional association football division of the Portuguese football league system. It is organised and supervised by the Liga Portuguesa de Futebol Profissional. As of the 2014–15 season, the Primeira Liga is contested by 18 teams, with the two lowest placed teams being relegated to the Segunda Liga and replaced by the top two non-reserve teams from this division. Founded in 1934 as an experimental league, it was officialised in 1938 and named Primeira Divisão (First Division) until 1999, when it recovered the original naming. A total of 70 teams have competed in the Primeira Liga, but only five have been crowned champions. Among them, the "Big Three" – Benfica (34), Porto (27) and Sporting CP (18) – have won all but two Primeira Liga titles; the other winners are Belenenses (1945–46) and Boavista (2000–01). Benfica have won the Primeira Liga a record 34 times, followed by Porto with 27 and Sporting CP with 18 wins. The Primeira Liga has increased its reputation in the last few years, occupying the 5th place of UEFA's league ranking. It broke into the top five for the first time in the 2011–12 season, passing the French Ligue 1, one of the historical "big five" European leagues, for the first time since 1990.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://kassiesa.home.xs4all.nl/bert/uefa/data/method1/crank1990.html )〕 The Primeira Liga also reached a world ranking of 4th according to IFFHS's 2011 ranking.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.iffhs.de/?b6e28fa3002f71504e52d17f7370eff3702bb1c2bb11 )〕 ==History== Before the Portuguese football reform of 1938, an experimental competition on a round-basis was already being held – the ''Primeira Liga'' (Premier League) and the winners of that competition were named "League champions". Despite that, a Championship of Portugal in a knock-out cup format was the most popular and defined the ''Portuguese champion'', although the winners of this competition no longer count as Portuguese football champions. Then, with the reform, a round-robin basis competition was implemented as the most important of the calendar and began defining the Portuguese champion. From 1938 to 1999, the name ''Campeonato Nacional da Primeira Divisão'' (National Championship of the First Division) or just ''Primeira Divisão'' (First Division), was used. Porto won the inaugural edition of the new league championship and successfully defended the title in the next season. In 1939–40 the tournament was expanded from 8 to 10 clubs, due to an administrative battle between Porto and Académico do Porto, regarding a Regional Championship game that ended with only 43 minutes after the start, and later repeated (which FC Porto won) according to Porto FA decision. FPF came out with a decision to satisfy both clubs, expanding the championship to 10 teams (one more from Porto FA and another from Setúbal FA) and annulling the result from the repetition match. With this decision, FC Porto lost the Regional title and finished in 3rd, Leixões SC became the new regional champion, while Académico was 2nd place. All 3 teams qualified for 1939–40 Primeira Divisão.〔Stadium Newspaper, 10 January 1940〕 In the 1941–42 season, it was decided to expand the championship from 8 to 10 teams to admit Braga FA and Algarve FA champions (until this season only the top teams from Porto, Coimbra, Lisboa and Setúbal were admitted).〔http://www.record.xl.pt/Arquivo/interior.aspx?content_id=9114〕 Porto finished the regional championship in third place again, which did not grant entry into the Primeira Liga. However, a second expand (from 10 to 12) in the same season was decided, which allowed the club to participate.〔Tovar, p. 136〕 After the 1945–46 season, the qualifying system based on regional championships was abandoned and adopted a pyramid system, with relegations and promotions between the 3 tiers. The clubs in Primeira Divisão, Segunda Divisão and Terceira Divisão no longer had to play their district championships on the same season as they had been doing since the first seasons of the Liga.〔http://www.record.xl.pt/Arquivo/interior.aspx?content_id=9114〕 When the Portuguese League for Professional Football took control of the two nationwide leagues in 1999, it was renamed ''Campeonato Nacional da Primeira Liga'' (Premier League National Championship), or simply ''Primeira Liga'' (Premier League). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Primeira Liga」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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